Id (Primal Self)
Id (Primal Self): In Freud's structural model, the most primitive layer of personality. Operating on the pleasure principle, it houses basic drives like hunger, sexuality, and aggression. In dreams, the id's desires manifest symbolically.
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Ego
In Freud's model, the conscious self that operates on the reality principle, balancing the id and superego. In dreams, the ego acts as a censor mechanism, masking unconscious content through symbols.
Superego
The moral and ideal dimension of personality. Represents societal norms, conscience, and the ideal self. In dreams, authority figures, judgmental voices, or scenes of shame are manifestations of the superego.
Unconscious
The deep layer of the mind beyond conscious awareness, harboring repressed memories, impulses, and desires. According to Freud, dreams are the royal road to the unconscious.
Sigmund Freud
Pioneer of modern dream analysis. With 'The Interpretation of Dreams' (1900), he defined dreams as symbolic expressions of unconscious desires. Developed the free association method.
Collective Unconscious
According to Jung's theory, a shared unconscious realm common to all humanity, independent of individual experience. It is the source of archetypal images and universal symbols.
Archetype
Universal symbols and images shared in humanity's collective unconscious, as defined by Carl Jung. Archetypal figures such as the Mother, Hero, and Shadow frequently appear in dreams carrying deep psychological significance.